2017 ProS CoDieu ThiOnline Word formation 4 là tài liệu môn Tiếng Anh trong chương trình Lớp 11 được cungthi.online tổng hợp và biên soạn từ các nguồn chia sẻ trên Internet. Tạo nguồn tài liệu giúp các bạn trong việc ôn luyện và học tập
Những địa chỉ uy tín để bạn mua sách
Nội dung tóm tắt
Khóa Từ vựng– GV Phan Điệu Facebook: phandieu89
Moon.vn – Học để khẳng định mình 1 Hotline: 0432 99 98 98
VIDEO và LỜI GIẢI CHI TIẾT chỉ có tại website MOON.VN
[Truy cập tab Tiếng Anh – Khóa: Từ vựng]
1. WORDS’ ORIGINS:
- From people and places
- From other languages
a. From people:
biro: [bút bi] named after Laszlo Biro, its Hungarian inventor
mentor: [cố vấn thông thái] from Mentor, friend to Odysseus
chauvinist: [chủ nghĩa dân tộc cực đoan] after the Frenchman, Nicolas Chauvin, who was
fanatically devoted to Napoleon
hooligan: [du côn, lưu manh] from the Irish family name, Hooligan
saxophone: [kèn sắc-xô-phôn] invented by the Belgian, Adolphe Sax
tawdry: [loè loẹt, rẻ tiền] from St Audrey, at whose annual fair in the town of Ely, near
Cambridge, cheap gaudy scarves were sold
watt: [đơn vị đo công suất điện] from the 18th century Scottish inventor, James Watt
b. From places:
bedlam: [cảnh hỗn loạn] from the name of a famous London mental hospital once situated
where Liverpool Street Station now stands
spartan: [khổ hạnh] from the ancient Greek city of Sparta, famed for its austerity
canter: [bước đi thong thả của ngựa] a shortening of Canterbury, a town in south-east
England
gypsy: [người gypsy] These people were once thought to have come from Egypt, hence the
name.
c. From other languages:
From Japanese, tycoon, karate, origami, judo, futon and bonsai.
From Arabic, mattress, cipher, alcove, carafe, algebra, harem, mufti and yashmak.
From Turkish, yoghurt, jackal, kiosk, bosh [nonsense (colloquial)], tulip and caftan;
From Farsi, caravan, shawl, taffeta, bazaar and sherbet.
From Eskimo, kayak, igloo and anorak..
From French, fiancé, fiancée
2. ONOMATOPOEIC:
- Onomatopoeic words are those which seem to sound like their meaning.
- The most obvious examples are verbs relating to the noises which animals make
Examples:
- cows : moo
- cats: mew or meow.
a. gr- at the beginning of a word can suggest something unpleasant or miserable (không
vui/ khổ sở)
• groan[make a deep sound forced out by pain or despair](rên rỉ)
• grumble [complain in a bad- tempered way](càu nhàu)
WORD FORMATION 4
Khóa Từ vựng– GV Phan Điệu Facebook: phandieu89
Moon.vn – Học để khẳng định mình 2 Hotline: 0432 99 98 98
• grunt [make a low, rough sound like pigs do, or people expressing disagreement or
boredom](ủn ỉn/ càu nhàu)
• growl [make a low, threatening sound] (gầm gừ)
b. cl- at the beginning of a word can suggest st sharp and/or metallic
click (lách cách)
clang (lanh lảnh –tiếng chuông)
clank [make a dull metallic noise, not as loud as a clang|(lách cách)
clash [make a loud, broken, confused noise of metal objects striking together](loảng xoảng)
clink [make the sound of small bits of metal or glass knocking together](leng keng)
Horses go clip-clop(lộc cộc) on the road.
c. ash- at the end of a word can suggest something fast and violent
smash [break violently into small pieces] (loảng xoảng)
dash [move or be moved violently] (chạy vào/ vỗ mạnh)
crash [strike suddenly violently and noisily] (vỡ loảng xoảng)
bash [strike heavily so as to break or injure](đạp mạnh, làm vỡ, bị thương)
gash [a long deep cut or wound] (vếch rạch dài và sâu)
d. wh- at the beginning of a worci often suggests the movement of air
whistle [a high pitched noise made by forcing air or steam through a small opening](huýt
sáo)
whirr [sound like a bird’s wings moving rapidly] (kêu vù vù, vo vo)
whizz [make the sound of something rushing through air](rít, vèo)
wheeze [breathe noisily especially with a whistling sound in the chest] (thở khò khè)
whip [one of these or to hit with one of these] (kêu vun vút)
e. —ckle, —ggle, or -zzle at the end of a word => light and repeated things
trickle[to flow in a thin stream](róc rách)
crackle [make a series of short cracking sounds] (nổ lép bép)
tinkle [make a succession of light ringing sounds] (kêu leng keng)
giggle [laugh lightly in a nervous or silly way] (cười khúc khích)
wriggle [move with quick short twistings] (bò, vặn vẹo)
sizzle [make a hissing sound like something cooking in fat] (kêu xèo xèo)
drizzle [small, fine rain] (mưa lất phất)
3. HOMONYMS:
- Homonyms: homographs and homophones.
- Homographs are words which are written in the same way but have different meanings.
bow in ‘He took a bow /baʊ/ at the end of the concert’ AND ‘He was wearing a bow /bəʊ/ tie’.
- Homophones are words which are pronounced in the same way but are spelt differently
bow as in ‘He took a bow’ AND bough, ‘the bough of a tree’.
a. Homograph:
I live in the north of England. /liv/
Your favourite pop star is singing live on TV tonight. /laiv/
I read in bed each night. /ri:d/
I read War and Peace last year. /red/
The lead singer in the group is great. /li:d/
