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ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN TẬP 11
A/ TENSE
/ I. Present simple
+ Form:
/ bare root for I, you, we, they + verb + s / es for he, she, it
+ Meaning: present time
E.g.: He needs you right now.
Do you have your passport with you?
ii. Present continuous
+ Form: am / is I are + V—ing
+ Meaning: Present time
E.g.: Are you sleeping?
Present perfect
+ Form: have / has + Past Participle
+ Meaning: Present
E.g.: I have seen that movie twenty times. I think I have met him once before.
III. Present Perfect.
E.g.: I have had a cold for two weeks.
Mary has loved chocolate since she was a little girl.
Note:
* You CANNOT use the Present Perfect with specific time expressions such as: yesterday, one year ago, last
week, when I was a child, when I lived in Japan, at that moment, that day, one day, etc. We CAN use the Present
Perfect with unspecific expressions such as: ever, never, once, many times, several times, before, so far, already,
yet, etc.
— T emphasises that we can use all these present tenses in telling stories (which are often concerned with past
events) to make the stories more interesting.
— If T sees that Ss have already mastered the forms, meanings, and uses of these verb tenses, T can skip the
presentation stage to save time, and go straight to the practice stage.
IV. The simple past tense:
— If necessary, T reviews the forms, the past simple and past continuous, meanings, and uses of Past simple
+ Form: V + ed or irregular verbs
+ Meaning: Past time
Eg.: Isaw a horror film last night He didn ‘I was!, his car
E.g.: 1-Ie arrived from the airport at 8. 00, checked into the hotel at 9:00, and met the others at 10.00.
E.g.: I lived in Brazil for 2 years
E.g.: They never went to school. They always skipped their classes
E.g.: She was shy as a child, but now she is very outgoing.
v. Past continuous Tense
+ Form: Was / were + V-ing
+ Meaning: Past time
E.g.: I was watching TV when she called. Last at 6 PM, I was eating dinner
E.g.: I was studying while he was making dinner
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E.g.: When I walked into the office, several people were busily typing, some were talking on the phones, the
boss was yelling directions, and customers were waiting to be helped. One customer was yelling at a secretary
and waving his hands. Others were complaining to each other about the bad service.
Vi. The past perfect tense
— If necessary, T reviews the form, meaning and use of the past perfect and compares it with other past tenses
+ Form: Had + Past Participle
+ Meaning: Past time
E.g.: I had never seen such a beautiful beach before I went to Hanoi V With Non-Continuous Verbs and some non-
continuous uses of Mixed Verbs, we use the Past Perfect to show that something started in the past and continued up until
another action in the past.
E.g.: We had had that car for ten years before it broke down.
— If T sees that Ss have already mastered the form, meaning, and uses of this verb tense, T can skip the presentation stage
to save time, and go straight to the practice stage.
B / RELATIVE CLAUSE OF REPLACE by participial phrase . To-Infinitive
phrase
1.Present participial phrase:
The girl who lives next door is very kind.
Relative clause
The girl living next door is very kind.
Participle phrase
2. Past participle phrase:
*Look at the sentence and rewrite in another way:
The homework which is given by Mrs White is very difficult.
The homework given by Mrs White is very difficult. Past participle phrase
3. Infinitive phrase:
Ex: The language that we should master is English.
The language to master is English.
Infinitive
* Grammar: RELATIVE CLAUSE
Presentation
e.g. 1. I like the composition which you wrote. Defining RC
I like the composition you wrote.
e.g.2. Tim, who I have know for ten years, is one of my closest friend.
Non –defining RC
e.g. 3. The table that was broken has now been repaired
Notes:
- We can omit the relative pronoun in a defining RC and when the
relative pronoun plays as an objects in the clause.
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EXERCISE
I/Choose the correct relative pronoun ( who ,which , whose )to complete the
following sentences .
1 . This is the photo ………….was taken yesterday .
2. The boy ……….sister is in my class can speak Japanese and Korean languages .
3.The teacher ………….is teaching next door has just moved to our neighborhood.
4.He wore a hat………made him look like a cowboy.
5.He came with an old man …………waited outside in the school.
6.The gentleman ……..gave him the picture was his old teacher .
7. The bottle ………..contained the chemical was blue.
8. We should wait at the traffic lights ………are red.
9. That is the museum ………..foreign tourists like very much .
10 The dictionary …………is on the table belongs to Long.
II/ Combine the sentences using relative clauses without relative pronouns(contact
